ده نکته که نویسندگان توصیه نامه باید در نظر داشته باشند:

مترجم: رضا لطفی

منبع: www.duers.com

چنانچه بعنوان یک استاد و یا کارفرما تصمیم به نگارش توصیه نامه برای دانشجو و یا کارمند پیشین خود دارید باید نکات دهگانه زیر را به دقت مد نظر داشته باشید و آنها را در هنگام نوشتن Recommendation برای فرد متقاضی رعایت نمایید تا توصیه نامه شما مطلوب تر و تاثیر گذار تر باشد.

1-حتما قبل از نوشتن توصیه نامه ، نامه S.O.P و یا فرم Application تکمیل شده توسط متقاضی را مطالعه کنید تا از دلایل او برای شرکت در دوره آگاه شوید و در ضمن توصیه نامه شما در راستای تایید آن نامه و نیز دلایل متقاضی دوره باشد. بدین ترتیب از هرگونه تضاد احتمالی بین توصیه نامه و فرم درخواست یا پذرش متقاضی پیشگیری خواهید نمود.

2-از متقاضی بخواهید اطلاعات بیشتری نظیر رزومه شخصی خودش را در اختیار شما قرار دهد. تا اطاعات و سوابق علمی و کاری او را در توصیه نامه صحیح درج نمایید.

3-ویزگیها و سوابق علمی با کاری خود را شرح دهید و سعی کنید مقایسه ای بین او و سایر دانشجویان یا کارمندان خود صورت دهید. برای نمونه به مثال زیر توجه کنید:

I have been teaching for twenty years and have advised approximately 450 students on independent research projects over the last five years.

I have personally supervised ten interns every summer for the last five years plus worked with over two hundred college graduates in my capacity as trainer for Big Bank Corp.

4- توضیح دهید که چطور با متقاضی آشنا هستید و به خوبی از تواناییها و سوابق علمی یا کاری وی اطلاع دارید:

I was able to get to know Mr. Doe because he made it a point to attend two of my sections every week when only one was required.

Ms. Smith reported directly to me for two years prior to her well-deserved promotion to the position of Senior in our Big Six Accounting Firm.

5-سعی کنید به 2 تا سه ویژگی ممتاز متقاضی اشاره کنید:

Jane has a rare blend of top writing and interpersonal skills.

The combination of tenacity, analytical abilities, and good communications skills found in Mr. Doe is truly unique.

6- سپس سعی کنید روی ویژگیهای ذکر شده تمرکز کرده و آنها را بیشتر شرح دهید و یا مثالهایی برای تایید جملات قبلی خود یاورید:

He is the only student I ever had who came to all my office hours as part of a relentless and ultimately successful, drive to master financial theory. He was one of just ten percent in the class to receive an A.

Because of Jane's writing skills, I didn't hesitate to ask her to write a report which was used by our PAC as the basis for a major policy statement. Congressman X eventually used the statement, based on Jane's sophisticated 20-page analysis of Middle East politics, in lobbying for increased funding.

7- به موقعیت و رتبه متقاضی در کلاس یا محل کار به نسبت سایر متقاضیانی که تا به حال داشته اید اشاره کنید:

He was in the top 10% of his class.

She has the best analytical skills of any person her age that I have ever supervised.

8- از ذکر جملات و ویژگیهای عمومی و یا جملاتی که بار ارزشی کمی دارند خودداری کنید.

9- بد نیست برای پرهیز از تعریف و تمجید صرف ، به بعضی از نقطه ضعف های نه چندان جدی متقاضی هم اشاره ای داشته باشید. به مثالهای زیر توجه کنید:

The only fault I have encountered in him is his retiring nature. His modesty sometimes hides a young man of remarkable strength and broad interests.

Occasionally, her fortitude and persistence can turn into stubbornness, but usually her good nature and level-headedness prevail.

10- نکته پایانی و مهمترین نکته ، اشاره به تواناییهای بالقوه متقاضی برای شرکت و حضور در دوره می باشد.

Enthusiastically recommend Mr. Doe to your business school. This well-rounded student will be a fine businessperson.

With her exceptional leadership, writing, and quantitative skills, Ms. Smith will be an outstanding strategic consultant and a credit to the business school she attends.

حال نمونه Recommendation ذیل را مطالعه کرده و بعنوان تمرین نکات اشاره شده فوق را در آن مشخص کنید.

University Letter Head]

[Sender's Name]
[Sender's Address, Line 1]
[Sender's Address, Line 2]
[Sender's Phone Number]
[Sender's Fax Number]
[Sender's E-mail Address]

[Today's Date]

[Recipient's Name]
[Recipient's Address, Line 1]
[Recipient's Address, Line 2]

Dear [Recipient's Name] or To Whom it May Concern,

It is my pleasure to recommend Jane Doe for admission to [name of program] at [name of university]. I am a fifth year Ph.D. student at the University of California, Berkeley. I came to know Jane when I was her Graduate Student Instructor for Philosophy 111: Ethical Relativism, taught by Professor John Doe. The course comprised [short description of course]. Jane distinguished herself by submitting an exceptionally well researched and interesting project on ethical practices in ancient Greece. I would rank her in the top 2% of students that I have taught in the past five years in respect of her writing ability and research skills.

Overall, Jane is highly intelligent and has good analytical skills. Her project on ethical practices in ancient Greece demonstrated her ability to come a detailed understanding of the ethical practices of another, very different culture, and to analyze the consequences of those practices for contemporary ethical theories. She gave a particularly interesting discussion of the difficult practice of infanticide, and showed both sensitivity and detachment when discussing its ethical consequences. Her overall intelligence is also reflected in her grades for the course, which were by far the best in the class.

Jane has excellent communication skills. Her written work is both clear and concise, and interesting to read. She demonstrated her oral articulateness in the discussion sections that were an integral part of the course. Each discussion section focused on a particular ethical dilemma. Students were required analyze morally problematic situations, and to develop and argue for their own ethical views with regard to the issue in question. Jane was highly proficient in applying the course material in analyzing the problem situations. She always explained her views very concisely and gave supporting arguments that were both clear and persuasive. Jane also demonstrated good team working skills in group assignments.

At a personal level, Jane is a well disciplined, industrious student with a pleasant personality. She went well beyond the course requirements in the quantity and quality of her project, putting in a lot of extra research and attending office hours every week. Throughout the course, Jane demonstrated great perseverance and initiative. She was not only interested in and motivated to learn the material, but put great work into assimilating it to her own experience and developing her own ideas about each ethical topic that we discussed.

Jane is unquestionably an exceptional candidate for graduate study in Ethics. Jane's work in Philosophy 111 suggests that she would greatly benefit from the opportunities for intellectual development provided by a sustained period of graduate study. She has proven herself to have the perseverance and initiative, and the intellectual creativity necessary to complete an advanced graduate degree. I would therefore highly recommend Jane Doe. If her performance in my class is a good indication of how she would perform as a graduate student, she would be an extremely positive asset to your program.

If I can be of any further assistance, or provide you with any further information, please do not hesitate to contact me.

Yours Sincerely,

[Signature]

[Sender's Name and Title]

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